glp-1 uti receptor agonists and next-generation metabolic hormone therapies in chronic kidney disease Evolution of incretin therapeutics. (A)

Li H, Zhang J, Fang C, Zhao X, Qian B, Sun Y, et al

Scientifica 2012 , 496489 (2012)

Microscopic Findings Increased melanin in basal cell layer Increased melanin production by normal numbers of melanocytes Melanin incontinence Diagnosis History of chronic, heavy smoking Biopsy Clinical appearance Differential Diagnosis Physiologic pigmentation Addisons disease Medication-related pigmentation (drug-induced pigmentation by chloroquine, clofazimine, mepacrine, chlorpromazine, quinidine, or zidovudine) Malignant melanoma Treatment None Reversible, if smoking is discontinued Prognosis Good, with smoking cessation Cafe-au-lait macules Caf-au-lait macules are discrete melanin-pigmented patches of skin that have irregular margins and a brown coloration

Guo Z, Fan D, Liu FY, et al

Drivers of heterogeneity in synovial fibroblasts in rheumatoid arthritis